Summit County, Utah
The soil mapped across Summit County is predominantly classified well drained. Below is what that classification means for a basement, what it does not mean, and what the three repairs it points to cost here.
23% of the county’s mapped soil area falls in classes the USDA describes as wet enough to need artificial drainage for ordinary use. Saturated soil against a foundation wall is what creates hydrostatic pressure.
Linear extensibility 9.3% in the top metre — very high. One of the most expansive substrates there is. Foundation damage occurs here in houses with faultless waterproofing.
Shallowest annual water table maps at about 190 cm (6.2 ft) below the surface — water table deep, at or beyond the limit the survey reports. A typical US basement floor sits just under 200 cm, which is also the deepest the soil survey reports.
Source: BasementSoil physiographic region model — region “Basin and Range”. Not a soil survey of this county. Why.
What the ground here is made of
Basin and Range. Alluvial fans and lacustrine sediments of former Lake Bonneville
Semi-arid, but the lacustrine clays on the basin floors are expansive while parts of the fans are collapsible — they settle when wetted. Two opposite failure modes in one metropolitan area.
How the county’s soil area splits between drainage classes
| USDA drainage class | Share of mapped area | |
|---|---|---|
| excessively drained | 3% | |
| somewhat excessively drained | 11% | |
| well drained | 43% | |
| moderately well drained | 20% | |
| somewhat poorly drained | 12% | |
| poorly drained | 8% | |
| very poorly drained | 3% |
Drainage class definitions: USDA NRCS SSURGO. Highlighted row is the dominant condition (drclassdcd). Wettest class present in the county: poorly drained.
Key soil values for Summit County
| Dominant drainage class | well drained — water leaves readily; the profile is saturated only briefly after rain |
|---|---|
| Wettest class present | poorly drained |
| Area needing artificial drainage | 23% |
| Linear extensibility (shrink-swell) | 9.3% — very high modelled |
| Shallowest annual water table | 190 cm (6.2 ft) |
| Hydrologic soil group | B/D |
| Physiographic region | Basin and Range |
| Expected radon zone | Zone 2 (moderate) — predicted indoor average between 2 and 4 pCi/L expected, not the official designation |
| Basements in this state | a minority of homes have one |
What the three likely repairs cost in Utah
| Reference job | Modelled range in UT |
|---|---|
| Interior drain along two walls + sump pump | $5,200–$11,200 |
| Exterior excavation of one 40 ft wall | $3,900–$11,100 |
| Underpinning on 10 piers | $15,450–$32,950 |
Reference basement 30 × 40 ft. Price book 2026.08, updated 2026-08-11, regional factor for UT: ×1.03. Run your own dimensions.
Given this soil, the order of operations here
- Do not start with waterproofing. The dominant signal here is soil that changes volume, not soil that stays wet. Get a structural engineer’s letter first ($400–$1,150) — it costs a fraction of the repair and it is the only document that tells you whether piers are actually needed.
- Keep soil moisture constant. With expansive clay the enemy is the wet–dry cycle, not water itself. Consistent watering near the foundation and extended downspouts do more than any coating.
- Suspect condensation before groundwater. With soil this well drained and the water table this deep, a damp basement here is more often warm humid air meeting cold masonry than water pushing in. The four tests that tell them apart — the wrong diagnosis here is the difference between a few hundred dollars of dehumidifier and a $15,000 excavation.
- Get the second and third quote before you sign anything. Same scope, in writing, from firms that are not owned by the same parent. How to do it without paying twice.
Questions about Summit County soil
Does “well drained” soil mean my basement will flood?
No. The class describes how long the soil profile stays saturated in an average year across mapped areas of the county. It raises or lowers the statistical odds of hydrostatic pressure against a wall. It says nothing about your grading, your footing drain or your downspouts — which is usually what decides whether water actually gets in.
Which number should I care about most?
Whichever is highest, because they point at different contractors. High moisture and water table risk is a drainage and pump problem. High crack risk with low moisture risk — common on the Colorado Front Range and in the Flint Hills — is a structural problem, and a waterproofing salesman is the wrong person to call about it.
A contractor told me my county has “the worst soil in the state”. Is that true?
Check it here and on the USDA source we link. It is a specific, checkable claim, and in our experience of the sales scripts it is used loosely. Summit County scores 45 out of 100 overall on our combined index, which is moderate for the counties we cover.
Will my homeowners insurance pay for this?
Almost certainly not, if the cause is groundwater seeping in gradually. That is excluded from standard US homeowners policies, and the exclusion is usually the reason people find this site. What is and is not covered.
Does “well drained” soil mean my basement will flood?
No. The class describes how long the soil profile stays saturated in an average year across mapped areas of the county. It raises or lowers the statistical odds of hydrostatic pressure against a wall. It says nothing about your grading, your footing drain or your downspouts — which is usually what decides whether water actually gets in.
Which number should I care about most?
Whichever is highest, because they point at different contractors. High moisture and water table risk is a drainage and pump problem. High crack risk with low moisture risk — common on the Colorado Front Range and in the Flint Hills — is a structural problem, and a waterproofing salesman is the wrong person to call about it.
A contractor told me my county has “the worst soil in the state”. Is that true?
Check it here and on the USDA source we link. It is a specific, checkable claim, and in our experience of the sales scripts it is used loosely. Summit County scores 45 out of 100 overall on our combined index, which is moderate for the counties we cover.
Will my homeowners insurance pay for this?
Almost certainly not, if the cause is groundwater seeping in gradually. That is excluded from standard US homeowners policies, and the exclusion is usually the reason people find this site. What is and is not covered.
Nearby counties
Neighbours in the same physiographic region behave similarly. Different region on the other side of the county line means genuinely different ground.
All 29 counties in Utah · More about “well drained” soil
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