BasementSoil

Illinois: basement moisture and foundation risk by county

102 counties, ranked by our combined index. Highest combined risk is Crawford County (64), lowest is Jo Daviess County (27). The worst soil for foundation cracks specifically is in Williamson County.

CountyIndexMoistureCracksWater tableRegion
Crawford County64526882Dissected till plain with a claypan
Lawrence County64536782Dissected till plain with a claypan
Gallatin County63546282Dissected till plain with a claypan
Jasper County63546282Dissected till plain with a claypan
Jackson County62536182Dissected till plain with a claypan
Jersey County62496582Dissected till plain with a claypan
Shelby County62565682Wisconsinan till plain
Effingham County61546666Dissected till plain with a claypan
Williamson County61536966Dissected till plain with a claypan
Clinton County60505782Dissected till plain with a claypan
Fulton County60545282Wisconsinan till plain
Johnson County60516766Dissected till plain with a claypan
Menard County60565082Wisconsinan till plain
Pope County60525782Dissected till plain with a claypan
Wabash County60526666Dissected till plain with a claypan
Washington County60505782Dissected till plain with a claypan
Cumberland County59536166Dissected till plain with a claypan
Marion County59535082Dissected till plain with a claypan
Vermilion County59535182Wisconsinan till plain
Cass County58534782Wisconsinan till plain
Kankakee County58545766Wisconsinan till plain
Madison County58515282Dissected till plain with a claypan
Montgomery County58535966Dissected till plain with a claypan
Fayette County57515866Dissected till plain with a claypan
Greene County57544382Wisconsinan till plain
Kendall County57575266Wisconsinan till plain
Lake County57575266Wisconsinan till plain
Macoupin County57544282Dissected till plain with a claypan
Monroe County57496166Dissected till plain with a claypan
Perry County57535566Dissected till plain with a claypan
Will County57545666Wisconsinan till plain
Winnebago County57565266Wisconsinan till plain
Bond County56524282Dissected till plain with a claypan
Boone County56525366Wisconsinan till plain
Brown County56534182Wisconsinan till plain
Coles County56564966Wisconsinan till plain
Edwards County56544182Dissected till plain with a claypan
Hamilton County56534382Dissected till plain with a claypan
Henry County56535366Wisconsinan till plain
Jefferson County56504582Dissected till plain with a claypan
Knox County56535266Wisconsinan till plain
Lee County56555066Wisconsinan till plain
Pulaski County56535466Dissected till plain with a claypan
Schuyler County56555166Wisconsinan till plain
Tazewell County56535466Wisconsinan till plain
Clark County55564566Wisconsinan till plain
Hancock County55533882Wisconsinan till plain
Pike County55533982Wisconsinan till plain
Saline County55514082Dissected till plain with a claypan
Union County55505566Dissected till plain with a claypan
White County55495466Dissected till plain with a claypan
Alexander County54534866Dissected till plain with a claypan
Clay County54514966Dissected till plain with a claypan
Edgar County54555746Wisconsinan till plain
Kane County54564266Wisconsinan till plain
Sangamon County54534866Wisconsinan till plain
Whiteside County54533482Wisconsinan till plain
Bureau County53563866Wisconsinan till plain
Cook County53533182Wisconsinan till plain
Franklin County53544366Dissected till plain with a claypan
Iroquois County53573866Wisconsinan till plain
Mercer County53563966Wisconsinan till plain
Ogle County53573866Wisconsinan till plain
Piatt County53544166Wisconsinan till plain
Richland County53514666Dissected till plain with a claypan
St. Clair County53504966Dissected till plain with a claypan
Wayne County53544366Dissected till plain with a claypan
Adams County52533966Wisconsinan till plain
Christian County52533082Wisconsinan till plain
De Witt County52525546Wisconsinan till plain
Ford County52563566Wisconsinan till plain
LaSalle County52553966Wisconsinan till plain
Morgan County52573466Wisconsinan till plain
Randolph County52534266Dissected till plain with a claypan
Stark County52543866Wisconsinan till plain
Calhoun County51494466Dissected till plain with a claypan
Champaign County51523966Wisconsinan till plain
DuPage County51554846Wisconsinan till plain
Logan County51533866Wisconsinan till plain
Marshall County51543666Wisconsinan till plain
Massac County51513966Dissected till plain with a claypan
McLean County51573266Wisconsinan till plain
Putnam County51543766Wisconsinan till plain
Rock Island County51523866Wisconsinan till plain
Warren County51523966Wisconsinan till plain
DeKalb County50533466Wisconsinan till plain
Livingston County50533466Wisconsinan till plain
McDonough County50533566Wisconsinan till plain
McHenry County50564546Wisconsinan till plain
Peoria County50564446Wisconsinan till plain
Scott County50573066Wisconsinan till plain
Douglas County49533166Wisconsinan till plain
Grundy County49552966Wisconsinan till plain
Hardin County49493766Dissected till plain with a claypan
Mason County49533166Wisconsinan till plain
Moultrie County49533266Wisconsinan till plain
Henderson County48523066Wisconsinan till plain
Macon County47563446Wisconsinan till plain
Woodford County46563146Wisconsinan till plain
Stephenson County34373430Driftless Area
Carroll County28332030Driftless Area
Jo Daviess County27341630Driftless Area

Values from USDA NRCS SSURGO where available, otherwise our regional model — each county page states which. Methodology.

The physiographic regions inside Illinois

State lines are political; soil follows geology. These are the distinct ground types inside Illinois and why each behaves the way it does.

Wisconsinan till plain

The classic American basement belt. Below the topsoil sits dense till that water barely penetrates, so infiltrating water travels sideways along it until it meets the first vertical obstruction — typically a basement wall.

60 counties: Adams County, Boone County, Brown County, Bureau County, Cass County, Champaign County, Christian County, Clark County, Coles County, Cook County, De Witt County, DeKalb County, Douglas County, DuPage County, Edgar County, Ford County, Fulton County, Greene County, Grundy County, Hancock County, Henderson County, Henry County, Iroquois County, Kane County, Kankakee County, Kendall County, Knox County, LaSalle County, Lake County, Lee County, Livingston County, Logan County, Macon County, Marshall County, Mason County, McDonough County, McHenry County, McLean County, Menard County, Mercer County, Morgan County, Moultrie County, Ogle County, Peoria County, Piatt County, Pike County, Putnam County, Rock Island County, Sangamon County, Schuyler County, Scott County, Shelby County, Stark County, Tazewell County, Vermilion County, Warren County, Whiteside County, Will County, Winnebago County, Woodford County

Dissected till plain with a claypan

The claypan is a hard clay layer a few tens of centimetres under the lawn. Water sits on it and spreads sideways. The typical symptom is seepage through the upper part of the wall rather than at the floor.

39 counties: Alexander County, Bond County, Calhoun County, Clay County, Clinton County, Crawford County, Cumberland County, Edwards County, Effingham County, Fayette County, Franklin County, Gallatin County, Hamilton County, Hardin County, Jackson County, Jasper County, Jefferson County, Jersey County, Johnson County, Lawrence County, Macoupin County, Madison County, Marion County, Massac County, Monroe County, Montgomery County, Perry County, Pope County, Pulaski County, Randolph County, Richland County, Saline County, St. Clair County, Union County, Wabash County, Washington County, Wayne County, White County, Williamson County

Driftless Area

The region the ice sheets missed. Slope, permeable loess, deep water table. Soil-driven basement risk is low here; the problems are surface runoff arriving from the hillside rather than groundwater pushing in.

3 counties: Carroll County, Jo Daviess County, Stephenson County

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